In 1843 Franz Liszt published a collection of six songs including two with poems by Heinrich Heine: Die Loreley and Im Rhein, im schönen Strome. The next year, he published three more Lieder from Heine's verses: Du bist wie eine Blume, Vergiftet sind meine Lieder and Morgen steh' ich auf. Finally, in 1860 he published a compilation of his Lieder [...]
On 26 March 1828, Franz Schubert gave his only public concert. That's to say, public because the only requirement to attend it was to buy a ticket, as opposed to the private concerts in somebody's house, limited to those people invited by the host (and invitations were much requested if Schubert was expected to play).
Three Winterreise. Same day. At the same time. In Barcelona. When this article is published, this phenomenon will have just happened. Well, I muss admit it wasn't exactly at the same time but, if everyone was on time, one Gute Nacht and two Das Wirtshaus were heard simultaneously in Barcelona.
A while ago I wrote an article giving details of the poems from Lyrisches Intermezzo that Schumann chose to compose his Dichterliebe. While I was preparing, I marked in my copy of the Buch der Lieder those poems, and others, that I also identified as musicalized. Earlier, I had marked the six poems of Schubert's Schwanengesang and some other, and a few days ago, when I was preparing the first part of this article, I marked some more.
Which are the literary works more frequently used in Lied? I would say, without doubt, they're Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship, by Goethe, and Buch der Lieder, by Heine. Because of the huge number of Lieder written from their poems and the quality of many of them, and because of the great number of composers who inspired in them since their publication to this day.